A. Ecological habits of plum blossom
Plum blossom is native to southeast, southwest, central China and Taiwan, etc. It likes warmth, but can also be more tolerant of low temperature. Now there are dozens of varieties with strong cold resistance can overwinter in the three northern regions of the land.
B. The growth pattern of plum blossom
Plum blossom is not strict on soil requirements, tolerate infertile. All well-drained clay, loam and sandy loam soils, slightly alkaline soil (ph value in 6-8), can grow well.
C. Plum is most afraid of waterlogging
If there is a lot of water, often easy to rot the roots to death. Plum blossoms have strong drought resistance, but too dry in winter often easy to fall buds. The dry winds of early spring in the north often cause physiological drought, making some branches dry up. So northern avoid planting in the wind. Plum blossoms are sun-loving and grow well in sunny places.
D. Plum garden planting
1. Garden planting
Plum blossom in China’s garden cultivation, mostly using traditional methods. To pine, bamboo, plum years three friends group scenery, highlighting the plum flower as the theme. And should planted in clusters of three or five or alone in front of the window, house corner, pool, roadside, bridge, pavilion, near the pavilion. Or build plum blossom special category garden, such as plum forest, plum ridge, plum peak, plum creek, the path of the golden river, etc.
2. When plum blossoms are in bloom
When the plum blossoms are in full bloom, the fragrance of can be seen for miles, making it the best place for tourists and literati to find plum blossoms, sing and draw plum blossoms.
3. Plum blossom planting in the open field
Choose a variety that suits the local climate, and choose a place with good drainage, facing the sun and wind.
4. Planting time of plum blossoms
Most of the areas south of the Yellow River and south of the Huai River can be planted before winter, which is conducive to the early rooting of plum blossoms. The northern arid areas, can be planted in the spring. The seedlings purchased in advance are first buried in sandy soil and then planted after the soil thaws.
5. Before planting
To dig a good tree hole, mixed with cumulative fertilizer. If the soil is too sticky, you must add fine sand and gravel, crushed orange poles or coal ash, etc. in the hole. In order to facilitate drainage. Before planting, the long roots should be pruned, and if possible, it is best to plant the roots with mud, which can include rooting powder, polymyxin, plant growth regulator, etc.
6. Plum planting depth
To the same level as the original seedlings. After planting, water thoroughly, and leave 50-70 cm of seedlings to be cut.
7. Northern planting of large trees
Branches should cut off as much as possible to reduce water evaporation and improve the survival rate. To prevent high winds from blowing and shaking, available bamboo and wood pole triangle fixed. The first two years of cold areas in the north before the freeze should properly cultivated soil protection, domestication of a few years can be lifted after anti-freeze measures.
E. Plum flower water and fertilizer management
(1) watering
Plum flower throughout the nutritional growth period, all need sufficient water. The water supply is reasonable in order to make the blossom grow well. Although the plum is more drought-tolerant, but a serious lack of water, will also cause poor plant growth, or even death.
(2) Cold areas in the north
Plum trees often cause physiological frost damage due to lack of water in the soil. Therefore, it is more important to pay attention to moisture preservation in winter. From spring to early summer, watering is also needed to prevent drought. trees, like peach trees, are most afraid of flooding, and generally the root system is immersed in water for more than 24 hours.
(3) High temperature in summer
The plant will soon suffer from anaerobic respiration. This causes the plant to stop growing, yellow leaves and leaf drop. After a long time, the plant will die. Therefore, during the summer rainy season, it is important to dig good drains in the field.
(4) Potted plum
More attention should be paid to the control of water management. The number of times and the amount of watering should be based on the temperature, the size of the humidity and the drainage of the potting soil.
(5) Growing season
Before June to July (before bud differentiation), the potting soil should kept moist to ensure the supply of water during the nutritional growth stage.
(6) Flower bud differentiation period
From July to August, the principle of no dry watering and thorough watering should be mastered. Dry until the new tips wilt and droop, part of the leaves shrink, and then water thoroughly. This withholds water 2 to 3 times to control nutritional growth and promote bud differentiation.
(7) Plum buds
is precocious and can sprout 2-3 times throughout the nutritional growth process. If you do not properly control water, so that the second three new sprouts, flower buds are not easy to form, the next year will not bloom or bloom very little. Some people keep the potted does not bloom, this is a major reason.
(8) excessive water loss
After watering the leaves still can not return to normal, the leaves withered half or all dried off, will also affect the flower buds differentiation or death. In addition, excessive watering, poor ventilation, will cause physiological deciduous, the next year will not bloom. After the physiological differentiation of flower buds is completed from July to August, normal watering will be resumed.
(9) Winter temperature is low
Less water is needed, so no or less watering should done. In spring and spring and summer, the climate is dry in the north. You can often spray water on old piles and small pots to increase air humidity. When the high temperature and hot sun, you can set up a shade net with 40-50% shading rate on the potted. Prevent the leaves from curling prematurely, which is conducive to the normal growth of blossoms.
F. Fertilization of plum blossoms
The plum is more tolerant of barrenness, generally do not need to fertilize too much. Too much will be branching and leafing, flower buds are not easily formed. However, too little will cause poor growth. The principle of fertilization is a small amount, many times. Before bud differentiation, nitrogen fertilizer is the main fertilizer. From July to August, after the flower bud differentiation, the main fertilizer is phosphorus and potassium. Such as calcium superphosphate, compound fertilizer with high phosphorus and potassium content, etc.. Fertilize 2-3 times a month. Also use potassium phosphate, foliar micro-fertilizer spray. (If you have automatic irrigation equipment, you can use more efficient and fast water-soluble fertilizer)
G. Pruning of plum blossoms
Have strong budding power and tend to produce too many branches. If you let it grow, it will cause the branches in the canopy to be disorganized. Poor ventilation and air permeability, affecting the formation of flower buds. And it is easy to breed pests and diseases. Therefore, whether planted in the ground or pot, reasonable pruning. It can make the plum tree grow strong, beautiful tree shape, flowers and leaves.
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